Charoite

Physical Properties

Hardness: 5–6 Mohs; Color: Lavender, violet, purple with swirling patterns of black and white; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good; Specific Gravity: 2.54–2.58

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the contact metamorphism of limestone (alkali syenite intrusion into limestone deposits). It is a rare silicate mineral found in the Murun Massif in Siberia, Russia, and believed to be approximately 145 million years old.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used as a gemstone for jewelry (cabochons, beads), ornamental carvings, and as a rare collector's specimen.

Geological Facts

Charoite is found in only one location in the world: the Chary River area in the Sakha Republic, Siberia. It was discovered in the 1940s but only described scientifically in 1978. Its chatoyancy (shimmer) and unique swirling patterns make it unmistakable.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its unique 'swirl' or 'threaded' texture and vibrant purple hues. Look for inclusions of black aegirine or orange tinaksite. It is difficult to find 'in the field' as the only known deposit is in a remote, harsh region of Siberia.

Identified on: 4/26/2026

Mode: Standard