sedimentary

Laterite (Red Clay)

Laterite (Fe2O3 · nH2O and Al2O3 · nH2O)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 1-3 (soft/crumbly); Color: Rusty red, reddish-brown; Luster: Earthy, dull; Texture: Granular, porous; Cleavage: None

Hardness: 1-3 (soft/crumbly)
Color: Rusty red, reddish-brown
Luster: Earthy, dull

Identified July 17, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 1-3 (soft/crumbly); Color: Rusty red, reddish-brown; Luster: Earthy, dull; Texture: Granular, porous; Cleavage: None

Formation & geological history

Formed through intense and prolonged weathering (leaching) of underlying parent rock in hot and wet tropical climates. Rich in iron and aluminum oxides.

Uses & applications

Used as a primary source of aluminum (bauxite) and iron ore; also widely used in tropical countries for road building and as a traditional housing material (bricks).

Geological facts

The word laterite comes from the Latin 'later', meaning brick. It has been used for centuries to build massive structures like the temples of Angkor Wat in Cambodia.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinct rusty red color, presence in tropical regions, and high clay content that hardens when exposed to air. Found commonly in Brazil, India, Australia, and Africa.