metamorphic
Serpentine
Serpentinite (group of minerals: (Mg,Fe,Ni,Al,Zn,Mn)2-3(Si,Al,Fe)2O5(OH)4)
Hardness: 3-5 on Mohs scale; Color: olive green to dark green; Luster: waxy to greasy; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: poor; Specific Gravity: 2.5-2.6
- Hardness
- 3-5 on Mohs scale
- Color
- olive green to dark green
- Luster
- waxy to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-5 on Mohs scale; Color: olive green to dark green; Luster: waxy to greasy; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: poor; Specific Gravity: 2.5-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed through the serpentinization of ultramafic rocks (like peridotite) from the Earth's mantle, typically at low temperatures in the presence of water at tectonic plate boundaries.
Uses & applications
Used for carvings, decorative architectural stone, jewelry (cabochons), and historically as a source of asbestos.
Geological facts
Serpentine is the state rock of California and gets its name from its similarity to the texture and color of snake skin.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its greasy feel, green color, and relative softness (it can often be scratched with a copper penny or steel). Commonly found in ophiolite complexes and fault zones.
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