metamorphic
Jadeite
NaAlSi2O6 (Sodium Aluminum Silicate)
Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Typically emerald green to apple green, also white, gray, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Specific gravity: 3.24–3.43.
- Hardness
- 6
- Luster
- Vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Typically emerald green to apple green, also white, gray, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Specific gravity: 3.24–3.43.
Formation & geological history
Formed in high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphic environments typical of subduction zones. It often occurs in large masses within serpentinite rocks. Its geological age varies by deposit, ranging from Paleozoic to more recent formations.
Uses & applications
Extensively used for ornamental carvings, high-end jewelry (cabochons and beads), and historically for tool-making (axes) due to its extreme toughness.
Geological facts
Jadeite is one of two minerals known as 'Jade' (the other being Nephrite). Jadeite is rarer and more valuable. It was highly prized in ancient Maya and Aztec cultures, and remains extremely significant in Chinese culture as a symbol of status and virtue.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'mutton fat' or interlocking fibrous texture and high toughness when struck. It is commonly found in Myanmar (Burma), Guatemala, Japan, and California. For collectors, it is distinguished from nephrite by its slightly higher hardness and higher density.
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