mineral

Malachite in Host Rock

Cu2CO3(OH)2

Hardness: 3.5-4.0; Color: Bright green to dark green; Luster: Adamantine to vitreous or silky; Crystal system: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Perfect; Specific gravity: 3.6-4.0

Hardness: 3
Color: Bright green to dark green
Luster: Adamantine to vitreous or silky

Identified July 15, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 3.5-4.0; Color: Bright green to dark green; Luster: Adamantine to vitreous or silky; Crystal system: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Perfect; Specific gravity: 3.6-4.0

Formation & geological history

Formed as a secondary mineral in the oxidation zones of copper deposit outcrops. It typically precipitates from carbonated waters in limestone or other carbonate-rich environments near copper ores.

Uses & applications

Source of copper ore, gemstone for jewelry, ornamental stone for carvings, and pigment for paints.

Geological facts

Ancient Egyptians used malachite to make jewelry and ground it into powder for eye shadow. It is often found associated with Azurite, giving specimens a striking green and blue contrast.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct vibrant green color and its reaction (effervescence) when exposed to weak hydrochloric acid. Commonly found in Arizona (USA), Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Russia.