mineral

Amethyst

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide with Iron impurities and natural radiation influence)

Hardness: 7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Ranges from pale lilac to deep royal purple; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on the Mohs scale
Color: Ranges from pale lilac to deep royal purple
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous and metamorphic environments, specifically in hydrothermal veins and within geodes in basaltic rock. Its purple hue is caused by gamma irradiation of trivalent iron impurities in the quartz lattice over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Primary use is in jewelry as a gemstone and as a semi-precious stone for collector specimens. It is also highly popular in decorative arts and metaphysical retail sectors.

Geological facts

Ancient Greeks believed amethyst could prevent intoxication and would carve wine goblets from it. The name's origin, 'amethystos,' literally translates to 'not drunk.' It is the birthstone for February and was historically considered a 'Cardinal Stone,' once as valuable as diamonds.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct purple color and 6-sided crystal terminations. Frequently found in Brazil, Uruguay, and Zambia. Collectors should look for even color saturation and the presence of quartz crystal habits (prisms) without visible cleavage planes.

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