Granite

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Salt-and-pepper look with pink/tan, white, and black tones. Luster: Vitreous to pearly. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained) crystalline. SG: 2.63 - 2.75.

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface (intrusive). Can be found in continental crust environments dating back billions of years to the Precambrian era.

Uses & Applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monument stone due to its durability.

Geological Facts

Granite is the most common intrusive igneous rock in Earth's continental crust. Mount Rushmore is carved into a granite batholith in South Dakota.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its coarse crystalline texture where individual mineral grains (clear quartz, white/pink feldspar, black mica) are visible to the naked eye. Found globally in mountain ranges and shield areas.

Identified on: 4/29/2026

Mode: Standard