mineral

Amethyst

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide with Iron impurities)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale lilac to deep purple; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Pale lilac to deep purple
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified May 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale lilac to deep purple; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Forms within hydrothermal veins or volcanic geodes when silica-rich fluids cool and crystallize in the presence of trace iron and natural irradiation. They are found in rocks ranging from the Precambrian to the Cenozoic era.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry (faceting and cabochons), as decorative display specimens, and in metaphysical practices.

Geological facts

The name comes from the Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was anciently believed to prevent drunkenness. It is the birthstone for February.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic purple hue and ability to scratch glass. It is commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea. Collectors should look for depth of color and crystal clarity.