mineral

Aquamarine

Beryllium aluminum silicate (Be3Al2Si6O18)

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.74

Hardness: 7
Color: Pale blue to light green
Luster: Vitreous (glass-like)

Identified April 26, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.74

Formation & geological history

Formed in granitic pegmatites and metamorphic rocks (schists). It forms when beryllium-rich fluids are trapped during the late stages of magmatic crystallization.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in high-end jewelry (rings, necklaces, earrings). Historically used for optical lenses or eye glass components.

Geological facts

The name comes from Latin 'aqua marina', meaning 'water of the sea'. It is the birthstone for March and was believed by ancient sailors to protect against the perils of the ocean.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic pale blue-to-cyan color and high transparency. Found in Brazil (top producer), Pakistan, and Madagascar. Look for long, prismatic six-sided crystals.

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sedimentary

Schist

Metamorphic

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Nephrite Jade

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Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Green Apatite on Albite

Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]

mineral