Halite

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless or white, can be shaded by impurities; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Isometric (cubic); Cleavage: Perfect cubic; Specific Gravity: 2.16

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the evaporation of saline water in sedimentary environments, such as enclosed lakes, playas, and restricted marine basins. Formations can range from modern to hundreds of millions of years old.

Uses & Applications

Extensively used in the food industry as table salt, for de-icing roads in winter, in chemical manufacturing (chlorine and caustic soda), and in water softeners.

Geological Facts

Halite is the mineral form of sodium chloride. It can form massive salt domes that push through overlying sedimentary rock. It is essential for animal life and has been used as a form of currency historically.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its cubic cleavage, relative softness, and characteristic salty taste (though tasting samples in the field is generally discouraged). Found worldwide in evaporite deposits like the Dead Sea or Great Salt Lake.

Identified on: 5/19/2026

Mode: Standard