metamorphic
Nephrite Jade
Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2
Hardness: 6-6.5 (Mohs), Color: rich dark green with mottled patches, Luster: vitreous to greasy, Crystal structure: monoclinic (fibrous), Cleavage: none (tough interlocking texture), Specific gravity: 2.90-3.02
- Hardness
- 6-6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-6.5 (Mohs), Color: rich dark green with mottled patches, Luster: vitreous to greasy, Crystal structure: monoclinic (fibrous), Cleavage: none (tough interlocking texture), Specific gravity: 2.90-3.02
Formation & geological history
Formed through the metamorphism of magnesium-rich rocks (like serpentinite or dolomite) under high pressure and low heat, often found in contact zones near subduction zones or in alluvial deposits.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, high-end tiling, and as a powerful spiritual stone in many cultures (especially in Asia and New Zealand).
Geological facts
Nephrite is famous for its extreme toughness, ranking higher in impact resistance than diamond due to its interlocking fibrous structure; it was used to create weapons and tools in the Neolithic period.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'greasy' feel when polished and its extreme weight. Look for mottled green patterns. Common in British Columbia, New Zealand, Russia, and East Asia. Often found as water-worn cobbles in riverbeds.
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