mineral

Rhodochrosite

Manganese carbonate (MnCO3)

Hardness: 3.5-4 on Mohs scale; Color: Rose-pink to cherry-red, often with white zig-zag banding; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral; Specific gravity: 3.4-3.7

Hardness: 3
Color: Rose-pink to cherry-red, often with white zig-zag banding
Luster: Vitreous to pearly

Identified March 31, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins and sedimentary deposits where manganese-rich fluids react with carbonate minerals. Major deposits are found in metamorphic and igneous environments.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a semi-precious gemstone for jewelry (beads, cabochons) and as a decorative ornamental stone. It is also a minor ore of manganese.

Geological facts

Known as 'Rosa del Inca' (Inca Rose) because the Incas believed it was the solidified blood of their former kings. It is the national gemstone of Argentina and the state mineral of Colorado, USA.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic candy-pink color and white 'bacon-strip' banding. In the field, look for rhombohedral cleavage and its reaction (effervescence) to warm hydrochloric acid. Key locations include Argentina, Colorado (Sweet Home Mine), and South Africa.