Amber

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Yellow, orange, honey, or dark brown; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 1.05-1.10 (floats in salt water).

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the fossilized resin of ancient coniferous trees, primarily from the Eocene or Cretaceous periods (approx. 30-90 million years ago). The resin hardens through polymerization after being buried in sediment.

Uses & Applications

Used primarily in jewelry (beads, pendants), as an ornamental stone, in perfumes, and it is highly valued by paleontologists when it contains biological inclusions (insects, plant matter).

Geological Facts

Amber is not a true mineral because it is organic and lacks a crystal structure. It is famous for preserving delicate ancient life forms in incredible detail for millions of years.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its light weight, warm feel to the touch, and ability to float in saturated salt water. It often produces a faint pine smell when touched with a hot needle.

Identified on: 4/14/2026

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