Amber

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 (Mohs); Color: Honey-yellow, orange, brown; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 1.05-1.09 (floats in saltwater)

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the fossilized resin of ancient coniferous trees. Deposits usually range from the Cretaceous to the Neogene periods (approx. 100 to 20 million years old), found in sedimentary environments.

Uses & Applications

Used primarily in jewelry, ornamental carvings, and fragrance production. Scientifically significant for preserving prehistoric biological inclusions like insects and plant matter.

Geological Facts

Amber is not a true stone but fossilized tree sap. The most famous deposit is in the Baltic region, which represents the largest known deposit of amber in the world.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its light weight (it is much lighter than stone) and warm feel; it often fluoresces under UV light and will float in saturated saltwater. Commonly found in coastal areas after storms or in sandy sedimentary pits.

Identified on: 4/27/2026

Mode: Standard