metamorphic
Nephrite Jade
Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 (Calcium magnesium iron silicate)
Hardness: 6.0-6.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Light to dark green, creamy; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good, but usually inconspicuous due to interlocking fibers; Specific Gravity: 2.90-3.03.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Light to dark green, creamy
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.0-6.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Light to dark green, creamy; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good, but usually inconspicuous due to interlocking fibers; Specific Gravity: 2.90-3.03.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional metamorphism of ultrabasic rocks or dolomitic limestones. It is characterized by an extremely tough, interlocking fibrous structure that makes it highly resistant to fracturing.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry (beads, cabochons), ornamental carvings (sculptures, vases), and historically for tool-making like axe heads due to its toughness.
Geological facts
Nephrite is one of two distinct minerals known as Jade (the other being Jadeite). It was highly valued in ancient China and by the Maori of New Zealand for both its beauty and its durability.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its waxy luster, extreme toughness, and cool-to-the-touch feel. Commonly found in British Columbia, China, New Zealand, and Russia. Collectors should look for even color and translucency.
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