mineral

Specular Hematite (Specularite)

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5–6.5; Color: Steel-gray to black with a metallic glitter; Luster: Sub-metallic to metallic (sparkly); Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Hardness: 5
Color: Steel-gray to black with a metallic glitter
Luster: Sub-metallic to metallic (sparkly)

Identified March 7, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5–6.5; Color: Steel-gray to black with a metallic glitter; Luster: Sub-metallic to metallic (sparkly); Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Formation & geological history

Formed as a primary mineral in igneous rocks or as a precipitation product in hydrothermal veins and sedimentary environments. Many major deposits date back to the Precambrian era (1.8 to 2.4 billion years ago) in Banded Iron Formations.

Uses & applications

Primarily mined as a major ore of iron. Fine specimens are used in jewelry (beads, cabochons) and as decorative stone. It is also used as a pigment (ochre) and as heavy media for separation in mining.

Geological facts

The name hematite is derived from the Greek word for blood 'haima', because it produces a blood-red streak when scratched. Specularite specifically refers to the variety made of tiny, mirror-like micaceous flakes that catch the light like glitter.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct red-brown streak on an unglazed porcelain plate and its 'glittery' appearance. Commonly found in major mining regions like Lake Superior (USA), Brazil, and Western Australia. Collectors should look for high-density rocks that sparkle brilliantly.