sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brown, or grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (on Mohs scale if quartz-rich)
- Color
- Tan, brown, or grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brown, or grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in deserts, riverbeds, or beaches over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a masonry material in construction for flooring and walls, as well as a source of silica for glass manufacturing.
Geological facts
Sandstone is one of the most common types of sedimentary rock and often contains fossils. It is a major reservoir for groundwater and petroleum deposits due to its porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty 'sandpaper' texture. It is found globally, especially in areas with ancient sedimentary basins or coastal regions.
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