Sandstone

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brown, or grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in deserts, riverbeds, or beaches over millions of years.

Uses & Applications

Commonly used as a masonry material in construction for flooring and walls, as well as a source of silica for glass manufacturing.

Geological Facts

Sandstone is one of the most common types of sedimentary rock and often contains fossils. It is a major reservoir for groundwater and petroleum deposits due to its porosity.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its gritty 'sandpaper' texture. It is found globally, especially in areas with ancient sedimentary basins or coastal regions.

Identified on: 4/16/2026

Mode: Standard