mineral

Peacock Ore (Bornite or Iridescent Chalcopyrite)

Bornite (Cu5FeS4) or Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) with oxidation

Hardness: 3-3.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Iridescent blues, purples, golds, and pinks. Luster: Metallic. Crystal structure: Orthorhombic (Bornite) or Tetragonal (Chalcopyrite). Cleavage: Poor/indistinct. Specific gravity: 4.9-5.3.

Hardness: 3-3
Color: Iridescent blues, purples, golds, and pinks
Luster: Metallic

Identified February 14, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydro-thermal veins and contact metamorphic zones. It is a secondary mineral commonly found in the enriched zones of copper deposits. Geologically, it can range from millions to billions of years old depending on the host rock formation.

Uses & applications

Primarily an important ore of copper. It is also highly popular in the mineral trade for collectors, used as a decorative specimen, and occasionally used in metaphysical practices.

Geological facts

The 'peacock' colors are actually a thin veneer of oxidation on the surface. If you break or scratch the mineral, the fresh interior will typically be a bronze-yellow color. Much of the 'Peacock Ore' sold in shops is actually chalcopyrite that has been acid-enhanced (treated with acid) to speed up the iridescence.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its intense metallic tarnish and high density. It is commonly found in copper mines across Arizona and Montana (USA), Mexico, Peru, and Australia. Collectors should look for vibrant colors and avoid specimens that look dull or have a white powdery residue.

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