mineral

Amazonite (Amazon Stone)

Tectosilicate Microcline (KAlSi3O8)

Hardness: 6-6.5 on the Mohs scale; Color: Turquoise-green, blue-green, or pale green with white streaks; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Triclinic; Cleavage: Perfect; Specific gravity: 2.56-2.58.

Hardness: 6-6
Luster: Vitreous to pearly

Identified March 9, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in deep-seated igneous rocks known as granite pegmatites and occasionally in metamorphic rocks. Its distinct color is caused by trace amounts of lead and water within the feldspar lattice. Most specimens date from the Proterozoic to Phanerozoic eons.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone for cabochons, beads, and carvings. It is also a popular collector's mineral and is sometimes used in luxury ornamental tiles and architectural accents.

Geological facts

Despite its name, it is not found in the Amazon River basin; it was named after the river by early explorers who likely confused it with other green stones. The world's most famous specimens come from Pikes Peak, Colorado, where it is often found alongside smoky quartz.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct 'schiller' or grid-like white perthitic mottling and its bluish-green hue. Commonly found in Russia (Ilmen Mountains), USA (Colorado and Virginia), Madagascar, and Brazil. Collectors should look for vibrant color saturation and lack of cracks.

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Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Green Apatite on Albite

Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]

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Epidote

Epidote - Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)3(SiO4)3(OH)

mineral