igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic (mineral-based)
Quartz / Quartzite Fragment
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale (scratches glass); Color: White, tan, or smoky translucent; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal system; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale (scratches glass)
- Color
- White, tan, or smoky translucent
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale (scratches glass); Color: White, tan, or smoky translucent; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal system; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
Formation & geological history
Formed through the crystallization of magma or by the precipitation from hydrothermal veins. These specific fragments likely weathered out of a larger quartz vein or a metamorphic quartzite formation over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used in glassmaking, electronics (piezoelectric properties), construction aggregate, and as common decorative gravel/landscaping stone.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is extremely resistant to chemical and physical weathering, which is why it often remains as pebbles after other minerals have eroded away.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its hardness (it should easily scratch a glass bottle) and lack of flat cleavage planes. Common in riverbeds, mountain trails, and gravel pits globally.
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