mineral

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Hardness: 10 Mohs; Color: Colorless to faint blue/yellow; Luster: Adamantine; Crystal Structure: Isometric-hexoctahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.51-3.53

Hardness: 10 Mohs
Color: Colorless to faint blue/yellow
Luster: Adamantine

Identified June 11, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 10 Mohs; Color: Colorless to faint blue/yellow; Luster: Adamantine; Crystal Structure: Isometric-hexoctahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.51-3.53

Formation & geological history

Formed under high pressure and temperature conditions deep within the Earth's mantle, typically at depths of 150-250km, and transported to the surface via volcanic eruptions in kimberlite pipes.

Uses & applications

Primary use in high-end jewelry (engagement rings, necklaces), and industrial applications such as cutting, grinding, and drilling tools due to its extreme hardness.

Geological facts

The name 'diamond' comes from the Greek word 'adamas', meaning invincible. They are the only gemstone made of a single element: Carbon.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its extreme hardness (cannot be scratched by any other material), high refractive index, and characteristic brilliance. Common locations include South Africa, Russia, Canada, and Botswana.