Nephrite Jade

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6–6.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Dark green to olive green with small black specks; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Structure: Monoclinic, felted fibrous texture (extremely tough); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.9–3.0

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the regional metamorphism of magnesium-rich rocks (like serpentinite) or through the interaction of silicic fluids with dolomitic marbles. Typically found in mountain ranges or as alluvial pebbles in riverbeds.

Uses & Applications

Used extensively in jewelry (beads, cabochons), ornamental carvings, historical weaponry due to its toughness, and as a spiritual gemstone in many cultures.

Geological Facts

Nephrite is one of two distinct minerals known as 'Jade' (the other being Jadeite). Because of its interlocking fibrous structure, it is the toughest natural stone on Earth, resisting fracturing better than diamond.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its characteristic 'greasy' luster when polished, high density, and extreme toughness (it cannot be easily broken with a hammer). Common locations include Canada (British Columbia), New Zealand, and China.

Identified on: 4/15/2026

Mode: Standard