mineral

Amber

Succinite (specifically for Baltic amber); Chemical formula approximately C10H16O

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Yellow/Orange/Brown/Red; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 1.05-1.10 (floats in saltwater).

Hardness: 2
Color: Yellow/Orange/Brown/Red
Luster: Resinous

Identified March 14, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Yellow/Orange/Brown/Red; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 1.05-1.10 (floats in saltwater).

Formation & geological history

Formed from fossilized tree resin from extinct coniferous trees. The most famous deposits date back to the Eocene epoch (approx. 44 million years ago), though some specimens date back to the Cretaceous.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in jewelry as a gemstone, decorative ornaments, and in perfume manufacturing (for its scent when heated). In science, it is crucial for preserved biological inclusions (insects, plants).

Geological facts

Amber is organic matter, not a mineral in the strict sense. It can trap air bubbles and prehistoric life forms. If rubbed with a cloth, it generates static electricity, a property discovered by the ancient Greeks.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its light weight, warm touch (unlike cold glass), and ability to float in a saturated salt solution. Commonly found along the Baltic Sea coasts, Dominican Republic, and Myanmar.

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