metamorphic
Quartzite
Quartzite (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white to gray, often with yellowish or greenish tints; Luster: vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: none (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.6-2.7
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Luster
- vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white to gray, often with yellowish or greenish tints; Luster: vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: none (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.6-2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional or contact metamorphism of quartz-rich sandstone. Under intense heat and pressure, the individual quartz grains recrystallize and fuse into a dense, hard rock.
Uses & applications
Used as a decorative stone in construction (countertops, flooring, wall cladding), as a source of silica for glass manufacturing, and as railroad ballast due to its high durability.
Geological facts
Quartzite is so touch that it will easily scratch steel and glass. It is often confused with marble, but unlike marble, it will not react or fizz when exposed to household acids like lemon juice or vinegar.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its sugary texture on freshly broken surfaces and its extreme hardness. It is commonly found in fold mountain belts across the globe.
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