mineral

Halite (Rock Salt)

Halite (NaCl)

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white (can be blue or pink with impurities); Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Isometric (cubic); Cleavage: Perfect cubic; Specific Gravity: 2.17

Hardness: 2
Color: Colorless to white (can be blue or pink with impurities)
Luster: Vitreous

Identified May 14, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the evaporation of saline water in sedimentary basins, such as enclosed lakes or playa beds. These deposits can range from the Permian period to modern times.

Uses & applications

Primary source of sodium and chlorine for chemical industries, seasoning and preserving food, de-icing roads, and in water softeners.

Geological facts

Halite is the mineral form of sodium chloride. Large underground deposits can form 'salt domes,' which are often associated with petroleum traps. It is edible but should be verified for purity before consumption.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct salty taste (caution advised), perfect 90-degree cubic cleavage, and low hardness. Commonly found in salt flats like the Bonneville Salt Flats or deep underground mines in Michigan and Poland.