sedimentary
Sandstone (with Iron Staining)
Arenite (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3/FeO(OH) oxides)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan/beige with rusty orange and reddish-brown patches; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan/beige with rusty orange and reddish-brown patches
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan/beige with rusty orange and reddish-brown patches; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments in environments such as deserts, riverbeds, or beaches. The orange/red coloring is due to the oxidation of iron minerals (limonite/hematite) within the rock matrix.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction as a building stone, in the production of glass, for grindstones, and as a reservoir rock in the petroleum industry.
Geological facts
The iron oxides that give this sandstones its color are the same minerals responsible for the vibrant hues of the Grand Canyon and the Red Rocks of Sedona.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible layered or clastic texture. Often found in proximity to ancient water bodies or desert basins. It will not react with acid unless the cement is calcareous.
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