mineral
Quartz (partially iron-stained)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Milky white to yellowish-brown due to iron staining; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Milky white to yellowish-brown due to iron staining
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Milky white to yellowish-brown due to iron staining; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
Formation & geological history
Commonly forms in hydrothermal veins and pegmatites. It is a primary constituent of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, often accumulating in riverbeds and beaches due to its extreme resistance to weathering.
Uses & applications
Raw quartz is used in glassmaking, abrasives, and the electronics industry (silicon chips). In its crystalline form, it is used for jewelry, lapidary art, and spiritual collecting.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in Earth's continental crust. The yellow-brown staining seen in samples like this is typically caused by goethite or limonite (iron oxide) inclusions or surface coatings.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its hardness (it can scratch glass), lack of cleavage, and translucent appearance. It is found globally in almost every geological environment.
