mineral
Quartz (River Pebble)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Milky white to translucent pale yellow, Luster: Vitreous to waxy (when water-worn), Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Milky white to translucent pale yellow, Luster: Vitreous to waxy (when water-worn), Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed through the cooling of silica-rich magma or from hydrothermal veins. This specific specimen has been smoothed and rounded by the mechanical action of water in a river or stream environment over thousands of years.
Uses & applications
Raw quartz is used in glass making, electronics (due to piezoelectric properties), and as an abrasive. Smooth river pebbles are commonly used in landscaping, aquarium decor, and home ornamentation.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. Its name comes from the German word 'quarz', which likely has Slavic origins meaning 'hard'.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its hardness (it will scratch glass and steel) and lack of cleavage. It is found globally in riverbeds, beaches, and mountain soil. Collectors look for clarity or unique smooth shapes.
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Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)
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Mineral
Nephrite Jade
Nephrite
Mineral/Rock
Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)
Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)
Metamorphic Rock