mineral
Quartz (Small Fragment)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically clear, white, or tan in small shards; Luster: vitreous; Crystal system: Hexagonal; Cleavage: none (conchoidal fracture).
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- typically clear, white, or tan in small shards
- Luster
- vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically clear, white, or tan in small shards; Luster: vitreous; Crystal system: Hexagonal; Cleavage: none (conchoidal fracture).
Formation & geological history
Forms in all rock types (igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary) through crystallization from magma or hydrothermal activity over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Quartz is used in glassmaking, electronics (piezoelectric properties), abrasives, and as a component in construction materials like concrete.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. Its name comes from the German word 'quarz', which likely has roots in Slavic words meaning 'hard'.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (it can scratch glass) and lack of cleavage. Small fragments like this are found worldwide in soil, riverbeds, and beach sand.
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