mineral
Quartz
SiO2 (Silicon dioxide)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: White to translucent, Luster: Vitreous, Crystal structure: Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific gravity: 2.65
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: White to translucent, Luster: Vitreous, Crystal structure: Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Forms in all types of rocks (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic) usually crystallizing from magma or precipitating from hydrothermal veins. It is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's continental crust.
Uses & applications
Used in glassmaking, electronics (oscillators), abrasives, foundry sand, and as a semi-precious stone in jewelry or for decorative purposes.
Geological facts
Quartz is piezoelectric, meaning it generates an electrical charge when mechanical stress is applied. This property makes it essential in clocks, watches, and radios.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified by its hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture. Has a glassy luster and is often found in massive form as seen in the image. Frequently found worldwide.
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Other mineral specimens
Gneiss or Schist
Gneiss or Mica Schist with Garnet
Metamorphic
Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Epidote
Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
metamorphic
Pegmatite with Tourmaline and Quartz
Igneous Pegmatite
igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
igneous
Calcite–fluorite mineral specimen with iron-oxide staining
Calcite (CaCO₃), likely fluorite (CaF₂), with possible quartz and iron/manganese oxides
mineral