metamorphic
Quartzite River Rock
Quartzite (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, beige, or yellowish; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Non-foliated granoblastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.6–2.7
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Tan, beige, or yellowish
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, beige, or yellowish; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Non-foliated granoblastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.6–2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed through the metamorphism of quartz-rich sandstone under extreme heat and pressure, followed by fluvial erosion into a rounded cobble shape.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in landscaping, construction aggregate, and as decorative stone in gardens or aquariums.
Geological facts
Quartzite is so tough that it often outlasts the surrounding rock in weathering processes, leading to its prevalence in riverbeds and glacial deposits. It is often harder than the steel blade of a pocket knife.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its ability to scratch glass and its sugary, granular texture. Commonly found in riverbeds, beaches, and glacial moraines globally.
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