sedimentary
Sandstone (likely Arkose)
Arenite (Feldspathic Sandstone / Arkose)
Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-red to tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular and clastic; Structure: Massively bedded sand-sized grains; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (on Mohs scale)
- Color
- Pinkish-red to tan
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-red to tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular and clastic; Structure: Massively bedded sand-sized grains; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains, primarily quartz and feldspar. The reddish tint suggests iron oxide staining. Often found in continental or shallow marine environments from the erosion of granite.
Uses & applications
Major construction material for buildings, paving stones, and glass manufacturing. Often used for decorative landscape stones and historically for monuments.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The 'red rocks' of Sedona and the Grand Canyon are iconic examples of massive sandstone formations.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible grains. Often found in riverbeds or near cliffs. Look for layering or 'cross-bedding' in larger outcrops.
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