metamorphic
Serpentine (Nephrite-like Serpentine)
Serpentinite (Hydrous magnesium iron phyllosilicate)
Hardness: 3-6 Mohs scale; Color: olive green with white/gray inclusions; Luster: waxy to greasy; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: poor; Specific Gravity: 2.5-2.8
- Hardness
- 3-6 Mohs scale
- Color
- olive green with white/gray inclusions
- Luster
- waxy to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-6 Mohs scale; Color: olive green with white/gray inclusions; Luster: waxy to greasy; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: poor; Specific Gravity: 2.5-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rocks (serpentinization) in the Earth's mantle or oceanic crust, typically at low temperatures and high pressures.
Uses & applications
Used for ornamental carvings, decorative tiles, jewelry (often as a jade simulant), and historically for producing asbestos (though this variety is massive/non-asbestiform).
Geological facts
Serpentinite is the state rock of California. It often looks like snakeskin, which is how it earned its name. It is chemically similar to Jade but is significantly softer.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'soapy' or greasy feel and olive green color. It can be scratched by a steel knife, unlike real Nephrite Jade. Commonly found along tectonic plate boundaries and ophiolite complexes.
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