mineral

Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white (milky); Luster: Vitreous/Glassy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Colorless to white (milky)
Luster: Vitreous/Glassy

Identified April 7, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white (milky); Luster: Vitreous/Glassy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Forms in igneous rocks like granite through cooling magma, in hydrothermal veins from hot silica-rich solutions, and in metamorphic rocks. It has been forming throughout Earth's geological ages.

Uses & applications

Used in glassmaking, electronics (piezoelectric properties), wristwatches, construction (as an abrasive), and as gemstones/jewelry.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is highly resistant to both chemical and physical weathering.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its ability to scratch glass and lack of cleavage. Look for a greasy or vitreous luster and conchoidal (shell-like) fractures. It is found globally in mountains, riverbeds, and beaches.