mineral

Quartz (Grain)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to white/translucent, Luster: Vitreous, Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65

Identified June 2, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to white/translucent, Luster: Vitreous, Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Commonly forms in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments. These specific grains often result from the weathering of larger quartz-bearing rocks like granite into sand.

Uses & applications

Used in glass manufacturing, electronics (due to piezoelectric properties), abrasives, and as a primary component in building materials like concrete and mortar.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is chemically stable and resistant to physical weathering, which is why it is the primary component of beach sand.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its hardness (will scratch glass) and lack of cleavage. Found globally in almost all geological settings, particularly riverbeds, deserts, and coastal areas.