mineral

Emerald in Matrix

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Hardness: 7.5-8 on Mohs scale; Color: Dark green to bluish-green; Luster: Vitreous to dull in raw state; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.72-2.74

Hardness: 7
Color: Dark green to bluish-green
Luster: Vitreous to dull in raw state

Identified June 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8 on Mohs scale; Color: Dark green to bluish-green; Luster: Vitreous to dull in raw state; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.72-2.74

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins or pegmatites where beryllium-rich fluids interact with chromium-rich host rocks. Most deposits range from 10 to 65 million years old, though some are much older.

Uses & applications

Primarily used for gemstone jewelry when transparent; raw specimens are popular for mineral collecting and metaphysical purposes.

Geological facts

Emerald is the green variety of the mineral Beryl. Unlike most gems, inclusions (called 'jardin' or garden) are expected and often used to verify natural origin.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its hexagonal crystal habit, distinct green color, and high hardness. Commonly found in Colombia, Brazil, Zambia, and Ethiopia. Collectors should look for the characteristic 'beryl green' against a darker schist or quartz matrix.

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