Sandstone (likely Arkosic)

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs), Color: Tan to yellowish-brown, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None (fractures around grains)

Formation & Geological History

Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized grains, typically mineral particles or rock fragments. This process occurs in environments such as river beds, deserts, or beaches over millions of years.

Uses & Applications

Used primarily as building stone, decorative masonry, and aggregate. In some cases, it serves as an important reservoir for groundwater or petroleum.

Geological Facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Because of its porosity, it is the primary rock type found in many of the world's most scenic canyons and arches.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sand-like texture (feels like sandpaper). Look for layering (stratification) and individual visible grains cemented together. Found globally in basins and cliffs.

Identified on: 4/21/2026

Mode: Standard