mineral
Red Agate / Carnelian
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 6.5–7 (Mohs scale), Color: Deep translucent red to reddish-orange, Luster: Vitreous to waxy, Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline), Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture
- Hardness
- 6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5–7 (Mohs scale), Color: Deep translucent red to reddish-orange, Luster: Vitreous to waxy, Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline), Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture
Formation & geological history
Formed through volcanic activity and silica-rich groundwater filling cavities in igneous rocks. The location 8.4°S (East Java, Indonesia) is a region rich in volcanic chalcedony and decorative stones.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in traditional jewelry like this ring, beads, and carvings. Known as 'Akik Merah' locally in Indonesia.
Geological facts
Red stones like this are historically popular in Indonesian culture (Batu Akik), believed by some to provide protection and courage. The specific red color is caused by impurities of iron oxide (hematite).
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (will not scratch with a copper penny) and its translucent depth. Found commonly in riverbeds and volcanic deposits in Java.
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