mineral
Red Carnelian (Tumbled)
SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) - variety of Chalcedony
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Structure: Cryptocrystalline; Transparency: Translucent to opaque; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.64
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Red to brownish-red
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Structure: Cryptocrystalline; Transparency: Translucent to opaque; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.64
Formation & geological history
Formed in volcanic and sedimentary environments through the deposition of silica from groundwater in rock cavities. The red color is caused by iron oxide impurities. Found in Precambrian to Cenozoic formations.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in jewelry (beads, cabochons, seals), decorative carvings, and as a popular tumbled stone for collectors and spiritual uses.
Geological facts
Ancient Egyptians called it the 'setting sun' and used it for amulets; it was also used in Roman signet rings because hot wax does not stick to it.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its waxy luster, lack of visible crystals, and warm translucent red color. Found globally with major deposits in India, Brazil, and Uruguay. Look for even coloration in tumbled pieces.
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