gemstone
Red Garnet Gemstone
Pyrope-Almandine Garnet (Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 to Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)
Hardness: 6.5-7.5 (Mohs), Color: Deep red to purplish-red, Luster: Vitreous to sub-adamantine, Crystal Structure: Isometric (dodecahedral), Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 3.6-4.3
- Hardness
- 6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7.5 (Mohs), Color: Deep red to purplish-red, Luster: Vitreous to sub-adamantine, Crystal Structure: Isometric (dodecahedral), Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 3.6-4.3
Formation & geological history
Formed in high-pressure and high-temperature metamorphic environments such as schists, gneisses, or within certain igneous rocks like peridotites. Often found as rounded water-worn pebbles in alluvial deposits.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in jewelry as a faceted or cabochon gemstone; also used as an industrial abrasive for sandblasting and water-jet cutting.
Geological facts
Garnet is the birthstone for January. The name garnet comes from the Latin 'granatus' meaning pomegranate, referring to the red seeds. In West Java, Indonesia, gem-quality stones are often sourced from volcanic and metamorphic river deposits.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its deep red color and lack of cleavage. In the field, look in riverbeds or within metamorphic host rock. Its high specific gravity causes it to settle in 'heavy sand' concentrations.
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