sedimentary
Red Jasper
Jasper (Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide inclusions, SiO2)
Hardness: 6.5 to 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Deep red to reddish-brown; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Deep red to reddish-brown
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5 to 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Deep red to reddish-brown; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
Formation & geological history
Jasper is a variety of chalcedony formed through the deposition of silica from water into volcanic or sedimentary rocks. The red color is specifically caused by the presence of iron oxide (hematite) during formation.
Uses & applications
Used extensively as a gemstone, in jewelry (beads, cabochons), for ornamental carvings, and in industrial applications like mortar and pestles due to its hardness.
Geological facts
Red Jasper has been respected since ancient times as a stone of protection and endurance. It was once called the 'rain-bringer' and is mentioned in various historical texts across many cultures.
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its opaque red appearance, smoothness when water-worn, and inability to be scratched by a steel knife. Frequently found in riverbeds and along coastlines as rounded pebbles.
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