metamorphic
Red Quartzite
Quartzite (principally SiO2)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to pink due to iron oxide impurities; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None, usually exhibits conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.6-2.7.
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Reddish-brown to pink due to iron oxide impurities
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to pink due to iron oxide impurities; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None, usually exhibits conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.6-2.7.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the metamorphism of quartz sandstone. The original quartz sand grains are recrystallized under high heat and pressure, typically during mountain-building events (orogeny) in various geological ages ranging from Precambrian to more recent periods.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative stone in landscaping, crushed stone for road construction, railway ballast, and occasionally for interior design or as a minor gemstone when polished.
Geological facts
Quartzite is so hard and chemically resistant that it often forms the caps of ridges and mountains because it resists erosion better than the surrounding rock. The red color is typically indicative of hematite (iron oxide) staining.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its superior hardness (it will scratch glass) and its sugary, crystalline texture where individual sand grains are no longer visible. It is commonly found in fold mountain belts globally.
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