sedimentary

Red Sandstone

Arenite (Ferruginous Sandstone)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: reddish-brown, tan, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None/Grainy; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: reddish-brown, tan, or orange
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 10, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: reddish-brown, tan, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None/Grainy; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed over millions of years by the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. The red color indicates the presence of iron oxide (hematite) and typically identifies formation in oxygen-rich terrestrial environments like deserts or river beds.

Uses & applications

Widely used for construction, decorative stone, flagstones, pavers, and as an architectural building material (brownstones).

Geological facts

Sandstone accounts for about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porosity makes it a critical reservoir rock for groundwater and petroleum. Famous examples include the rock formations of the Grand Canyon and Petra.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its sandy feel and visible grains that look like sugar. To identify in the field, look for layering (bedding planes). When wetted, it may temporarily darken and sometimes reveal internal laminations.