sedimentary

Red Sandstone

Arenite (Ferruginous Sandstone)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: reddish-brown; Luster: dull/earthy; Texture: clastic/granular; Cleavage: none; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8. Composition: primarily quartz grains cemented by iron oxide (hematite).

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: reddish-brown
Luster: dull/earthy

Identified July 17, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments in environments such as deserts, river beds, or beaches. The red color indicates formation in an oxygen-rich environment where iron minerals oxidized.

Uses & applications

Widely used as a building material, paving stone, and in the production of glass (if quartz content is high). It is also popular in landscaping and decorative masonry.

Geological facts

Red sandstone is famous for creating the iconic landscapes of the American Southwest, such as the Grand Canyon and Zion National Park. It has been used for centuries in world architecture, including the Red Fort in India.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and distinct reddish hue. It can be found globally in sedimentary basins. Collectors often look for specimens with interesting bedding planes or cross-bedding features.