sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Ferruginous Sandstone (SiO2 + Fe2O3)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Reddish-brown to orange, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Reddish-brown to orange, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains, primarily quartz. The red color is caused by iron oxide (hematite) staining the grains during lithification in arid or oxygen-rich environments.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a decorative building stone, in landscaping, as a source of industrial sand, and as a popular specimen for educational geology kits.
Geological facts
Red sandstone formations like those in Sedona, Arizona and the Red Rocks of Colorado are famous landmarks. It often preserves sedimentary structures like cross-bedding from ancient sand dunes.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. It is often found in desert basins or plateau regions. The red streak when scratched on a tile is a key indicator of its iron content.
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