metamorphic
Iron-stained Quartzite
Recrystallized Quartz (SiO2) with Hematite/Limonite staining
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Orange, tan, and translucent white; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Structure: Granular/Massive; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture)
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Orange, tan, and translucent white
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Orange, tan, and translucent white; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Structure: Granular/Massive; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture)
Formation & geological history
Formed when quartz-rich sandstone is subjected to intense heat and pressure, causing sand grains to recrystallize into a dense rock. The orange hue comes from iron oxides leaching into the stone over geological time.
Uses & applications
Used in construction as crushed stone, in glass manufacturing if pure, and as decorative gravel or tumbled stones for collectors.
Geological facts
Quartzite is so tough that it often breaks through the constituent sand grains rather than around them. It is one of the most weather-resistant rocks on Earth's surface.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its extreme hardness (cannot be scratched by a steel knife) and granular, sugary appearance. Found globally in ancient mountain belts and glacial till.
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