mineral
Rough Diamond
Diamond (C)
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to pale yellow, Luster: Adamantine to greasy (in rough state), Crystal structure: Isometric-hexoctahedral (often octahedral), Cleavage: Perfect octahedral, Specific gravity: 3.51
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to pale yellow, Luster: Adamantine to greasy (in rough state), Crystal structure: Isometric-hexoctahedral (often octahedral), Cleavage: Perfect octahedral, Specific gravity: 3.51
Formation & geological history
Formed under extreme pressure and temperature in the Earth's mantle (150-250km deep) and brought to the surface by Kimberlite pipe eruptions; dating back 1 to 3.5 billion years.
Uses & applications
Used in high-jewelry, industrial abrasives, cutting tools, and as a significant investment/collector item.
Geological facts
Diamonds are the hardest known natural substance. The word comes from the Greek 'adamas', meaning invincible. About 80% of mined diamonds are used for industrial purposes rather than jewelry.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (will scratch any other material), crystal shape (often double pyramids), and adamantine luster. Found globally in kimberlite pipes or alluvial deposits in locations like Africa, Russia, and Canada.
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mineral