sedimentary
Sandstone (Ferruginous)
Arenite (SiO2 with Fe2O3/FeO(OH) cement)
Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains), Color: Ochre to brownish-orange, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Grainy texture like sandpaper, Porous structure
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy, Grainy texture like sandpaper, Porous structure
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains), Color: Ochre to brownish-orange, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Grainy texture like sandpaper, Porous structure
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized grains, primarily quartz. The orange-brown color indicates the presence of iron oxide (hematite or limonite) acting as a cementing agent. Usually found in desert, river, or ocean environments.
Uses & applications
Used in construction, as a building stone, in road base, and occasionally for glass making if high in quartz silica content. Commonly collected as a representative sedimentary specimen.
Geological facts
Iron-stained sandstone is responsible for some of the world's most famous geological landmarks, including the 'Red Rocks' of the American Southwest. It can preserve footprints and ripple marks from ancient environments.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture and visible sand grains. It will feel abrasive to the touch. Common in sedimentary basins worldwide. When scratched, it may release individual grains of sand.
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