sedimentary

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite with Iron-Oxide Cement

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (granular); Color: Tan, brown, and yellowish-ochre; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (granular)
Color: Tan, brown, and yellowish-ochre
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 14, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (granular); Color: Tan, brown, and yellowish-ochre; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles (mostly quartz) in environments like riverbeds, deserts, or coastal areas. The yellowish tint suggests iron oxide (limonite) staining.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a construction material, for paving stones, or in the manufacturing of glass if high in silica. This specific small piece has minimal industrial use.

Geological facts

Sandstone is one of the most common sedimentary rocks on Earth, making up about 10-20% of the Earth's sedimentary crust. It is often a reservoir for groundwater and oil.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible grains. It is extremely common worldwide. Look for bedding planes or layers in larger outcrops.