sedimentary

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite with Iron-Oxide Cement

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, rust-red, yellowish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular, sandpaper-like feel; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8; Structure: Clastic.

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs)
Color: Tan, brown, rust-red, yellowish
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 18, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, rust-red, yellowish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular, sandpaper-like feel; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8; Structure: Clastic.

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. The brownish-red tinting indicates oxidation of iron-bearing minerals during or after deposition in a terrestrial or shallow marine environment.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a building material, in paving, for decorative garden stones, and as a source of quartz for glass making in purer forms.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It often contains significant aquifers or reservoirs for petroleum and natural gas due to its porosity.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible grains. Often found in riverbeds, cliffs, and desert outcrops. Look for layered bedding or cross-bedding structures in larger outcrops.